RESOURCE ARTICLE

Global AI Governance Law and Policy: Jurisdiction Overviews

This article series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, analyzes the laws, policies, and broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across different jurisdictions.


Published: 28 Feb. 2024

Last updated: 3 Sept. 2025

Series Overview

Jurisdictions worldwide are designing and implementing artificial intelligence governance laws and policies commensurate to the velocity and variety of the risks and opportunities presented by AI-powered technologies. Since the first series in 2024, the state of AI policy worldwide has evolved with many jurisdictions staking their own path.

Articles in this series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, dive into the laws, policies, broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across the world. The highlighted jurisdictions have made a mark on the global conversation around AI governance and provide for a small but important snapshot of distinct approaches to AI governance in key global markets.

Each article provides a breakdown of the key sources and instruments that govern the strategic, technological and compliance landscape for AI governance in the jurisdiction through voluntary frameworks, sectoral initiatives or comprehensive legislative approaches. Special care is taken to weave together how key areas, like intellectual property or agentic AI, provide unique challenges and opportunities. Agentic AI has been a new addition to the series, as it represents the newest frontier for how organizations can realize value out of this technology. Currently, few jurisdictions have rules specific to agentic AI, but instead rely on existing legal frameworks. Read about how agentic AI is changing how organizations think about AI governance.

Tracking, unpacking and governing the complex field of global AI governance law and policy has quickly become a top-tier strategic issue for organizations. The IAPP AI Governance Center will provide AI governance professionals with the content, resources, networking, training and certification needed to respond to the field’s complex risks. We welcome feedback and insights from the community of AI governance professionals.

To explore AI policies across a broader range of countries, please check out IAPP’s Global AI Law and Policy Tracker.

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This content is eligible for Continuing Professional Education credits. Please self-submit according to CPE policy guidelines.

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Contributors:

Heather Domin

Vice President, Head of Office of Responsible AI and Governance, HCLTech

AIGP

William Simpson

Westin Fellow, IAPP

AIGP, CIPP/US

Joe Jones

Research and Insights Director, IAPP

Richard Sentinella

Former AI Governance Research Fellow, IAPP


Tags:

AI and machine learningEthicsFrameworks and standardsLaw and regulationRegulatory guidanceStrategy and governanceGovernmentLegalTechnologyGDPREU AI ActAI governancePrivacy
RESOURCE ARTICLE

Global AI Governance Law and Policy: Jurisdiction Overviews

This article series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, analyzes the laws, policies, and broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across different jurisdictions.

Published: 28 Feb. 2024

Last updated: 3 Sept. 2025


Contributors:

Heather Domin

Vice President, Head of Office of Responsible AI and Governance, HCLTech

AIGP

William Simpson

Westin Fellow, IAPP

AIGP, CIPP/US

Joe Jones

Research and Insights Director, IAPP

Richard Sentinella

Former AI Governance Research Fellow, IAPP


Series Overview

Jurisdictions worldwide are designing and implementing artificial intelligence governance laws and policies commensurate to the velocity and variety of the risks and opportunities presented by AI-powered technologies. Since the first series in 2024, the state of AI policy worldwide has evolved with many jurisdictions staking their own path.

Articles in this series, co-sponsored by HCLTech, dive into the laws, policies, broader contextual history and developments relevant to AI governance across the world. The highlighted jurisdictions have made a mark on the global conversation around AI governance and provide for a small but important snapshot of distinct approaches to AI governance in key global markets.

Each article provides a breakdown of the key sources and instruments that govern the strategic, technological and compliance landscape for AI governance in the jurisdiction through voluntary frameworks, sectoral initiatives or comprehensive legislative approaches. Special care is taken to weave together how key areas, like intellectual property or agentic AI, provide unique challenges and opportunities. Agentic AI has been a new addition to the series, as it represents the newest frontier for how organizations can realize value out of this technology. Currently, few jurisdictions have rules specific to agentic AI, but instead rely on existing legal frameworks. Read about how agentic AI is changing how organizations think about AI governance.

Tracking, unpacking and governing the complex field of global AI governance law and policy has quickly become a top-tier strategic issue for organizations. The IAPP AI Governance Center will provide AI governance professionals with the content, resources, networking, training and certification needed to respond to the field’s complex risks. We welcome feedback and insights from the community of AI governance professionals.

To explore AI policies across a broader range of countries, please check out IAPP’s Global AI Law and Policy Tracker.

CPE credit badge

This content is eligible for Continuing Professional Education credits. Please self-submit according to CPE policy guidelines.

Submit for CPEs

Tags:

AI and machine learningEthicsFrameworks and standardsLaw and regulationRegulatory guidanceStrategy and governanceGovernmentLegalTechnologyGDPREU AI ActAI governancePrivacy

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